This method uses a large amount of HCl and is Have to be produced from raw minerals, such as serpentine. Is not abundant, and thus magnesium hydroxide would Magnesium hydroxide will readily react with CO2 toįorm magnesium carbonate. Further, more in depth analysis is left for future It is believed that these simpliﬁcations do not affect the overall Numerous ways CO2 can interact with water. Ionic concentrations on equilibrium constants, haveīeen ignored as have the interactions between the To the effect of elevated pressure, the effect of high For this reason, corrections to Henry’s law due Thermodynamic analysis that might yield more accurate Used ignore many of the complexities and niceties of Interest of simplicity, the thermodynamic equations This article is intended to only make orders of magnitude estimates and look at trends. Minerals investigated include magnesium hydroxide (brucite), magnesium silicate (olivine), and hydrated magnesium silicate The objective of this study is to analyze and understand mineral-carbonation experimental data using Reaction of CO2 with silicates would help to understandĬO2-rock interactions and their impact on pore plugging or potential leakages. Mineral carbonation is useful for predicting the fate ofĬO2 in geological sequestration, in which CO2 is injected into underground formations. First, the reaction mechanism is not yet fully understood, and a good understanding of the chemical aspects will reveal opportunities for further improvement. The study of the chemistry of mineral carbonation is Searching for the best reaction routes, and these efforts Signiﬁcant efforts have been committed to Waters of hydration, and this carries a signiﬁcant energy Further, the hydrated silicates do not react at any appreciable rate unless they are heat treated to remove the Leading to poor throughput, and thus high costs. However, mineral carbonation also faces tremendous challenges because of slow reaction rates, Sequestration methods currently under investigation.Īdvantages of mineral carbonation include vast storageĬapacity, few legacy concerns, and exothermal reactions. Mineral carbonation to sequester CO2 is one of the Strategies for reducing greenhouse gasses include using renewable energy, increasing energy efﬁciency, and carbon sequestration. Global warming caused by the increasing concentration of CO2 and other greenhouse gasses in theĮarth’s atmosphere has become a topic of national and Mineral carbon sequestration, mechanism of mineralĬarbonation, serpentine and olivine, magnesium silicate carbonation Keywords: carbon sequestration, chemistry of © 2006 American Institute of Chemical Engineers © 2006 American Institute ofĬhemical Engineers Environ Prog, 25: 161–166, 2006

Further improvement mayīe built upon this model. Reactor, lowering the pH helps dissolve magnesium ionsįrom silicate, but it lowers carbonic ion concentrationĪnd limits precipitation of magnesite careful balance

Reaction routes in which leaching magnesium silicateĪnd forming magnesium carbonate occur in the same Increased CO2 pressure, elevated temperature, andĪdding sodium bicarbonate for enhancing the carbonation reaction, and these results agreed well with theĮxperimental data. Thermodynamic calculation then is used to assess two important parametersįor each of these two steps: the pH and carbonic ionĬoncentration. The approach started withĭecomposing the process into two basic steps: magnesium ion dissolution from the olivine or serpentine,Īnd magnesite precipitation. Thermodynamic analysis to understand this complicated heterogeneous chemical process, and to explain This article is an initial effort using basic Such reactions are generally slow, and a signiﬁcantĪmount of research was conducted to increase the Thus,ĬO2 gas is ﬁxed in a solid carbonate for sequestration. Serpentine to produce magnesium carbonate. Sodium bicarbonate solution mixed with olivine or In aqueous mineral carbonation for carbon sequestration, high-pressure CO2 is injected into water or Published online 21 March 2006 in Wiley InterScience (DOI 10.1002/ep.10127 Science Applications International Corporation, McLean, VA 22102 (for correspondence)Īlbany Research Center, U.S.

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